![]() ![]() A strong emotional impact of HF emerged in terms of anxiety and fear of sudden death for both patients and caregivers. A substantial proportion of patients adopted hobbies, like playing cards or reading, in place of strenuous activities such as sport. Narratives revealed two parallel lives: the life of patients, which is physically limited, and that of informal caregivers, which is affected by the need to look after a family member. Results show that HF strongly limits the life of both patients and their caregivers. Furthemore, narratives were analyzed through three classification employed in NM, identified by authors as the most suitable to highglight the several aspects of HF experience and caregiving: (a) Kleinman’s classification, distinguishing between disease-centered narratives, focusing on the clinical evolution of the condition and employing a technical language, and illness- and sickness-centered narratives, respectively concerning the personal experience and the social meaning of the condition (b) Plutchik’s wheel of emotions, based on eight primary emotions (joy, trust, surprise, anticipation, sadness, fear, anger, and disgust) and their different degrees, named secondary emotions (c) Frank’s classification, discerning between chaos narratives, characterized by a fragmented sequentiality and moods of confusion and pain, restitution narratives, reporting healing expectations and the return to a previous health situation, and quest narratives, expressiong the search for a meaning of the illness experience. īefore sharing their narrative, patients were asked to describe HF with a metaphor or an image: employed metaphors were retrospectively divided into groups to facilitate interpretation. Similarly, studies in other chronic conditions indicated illness plots dedicated to patients and caregivers to be a source of information on personal coping with the disease, and on how patients and their families rearrange their lives after diagnosis. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD) and doctor-patient relationships. ![]() Recent studies demonstrated the advantages of applying the parallel chart in exploring healthcare professionals’ point of view on the care pathway for chronic conditions (i.e. The parallel chart and the illness plot represent the main NM tools, respectively dedicated to healthcare professionals and to patients and caregivers. NM is considered informative since integrating all the perspectives involved in the care pathway helps to reveal common issues as well as possible interventions or solutions about experiencing a condition. NM pursues the integration of the disease-centered approach, focusing on clinical aspects, with the illness- and sickness-centered approaches, respectively concerning personal coping and social perception of a condition. Narrative medicine (NM) is based on the analysis of narratives of illness experiences. ![]()
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